Adding machine



April 2, 1946.

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Patented Apr. 2, 1946 2,397,745 ADDING MACHINE Karl Berthold WilhelmKiel, Glashutte, Germany:

vested in the Allen Property Custodia Continuation of application SerialNo. 224,630,

August 12, 1938. 1941, Serial No. 14, 1937, D. R. G. M.

7 Claims.

'I'his application is a continuation in part of my application SerialNumber 224,630 tiled August 12, 1938.

This invention relates to an adding machine with which is combined amultiplying arrangement capable of operating by shortenedmultiplication.

It is well known that multiplying can be done on adding machines byadding repeatedly the value set up, as by actuating the repeat key ,andpressing down the motor key repeatedly. This method of operating,however, requires keen attention on the part of the operator, andexperience has demonstrated that it is not carried out withoutcalculating errors. In order to overcome these difficulties a so-calledmultiplier setting mechanism has been provided on the adding machine andby means of this the repeat additions were carried out automatically bypressing a. suitable key.

However, this did not provide means for utilizing the adding machine forlarge scale multiplication operations, because the adding machine, as aresult of the oscillatory movements of its principal parts, was too slowin operation for the purpose intended.

It is an object of the present invention to adapt an adding machinenotwithstanding its relatively slower operation for use as a multiplyingmachine. The multiplier setting mechanism according to the presentinvention is arranged so that the values above 4 are calculated byshortened multiplication.

A further object of the invention is to provide a particularly simpleconstruction wherein a shifting member actuated by the multipliersetting mechanism acts on the stem oi the motor key by means oi anintermediate member such as a lever or the like.

A further object of the invention is to provide an arrangement whereinthe switch means of the multiplier setting mechanism, which determineswhether addition or subtraction is to be used, is connected with thestate control means of the adding machine for reversing the calculatingmechanism gears so as to set them for the desired addition orsubtraction.

The accompanying drawings show one form of the invention. Referring tothe drawings:

Figure 1 is a partial side view of the invention with the cover plateremoved.

Figure la is a continuation of the view shown in Figure 1 and to theright thereof.

Figure 2 is a partial plan view with a portion oi thecover plateremoved.

Figure 2a is a continuation of the view in Figure 2 and to the rightthereof.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the section line III- III ofFigures 2 and 2a with parts broken away and omitted for greater clarity.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the This application March17. 383,890.` In Germany August (Cl. 23S-60) section line IV-IV ofFigures 2 and 2a looking in the direction oi the arrows and withportions omitted for greater clarity.

Figure 5 is a horizontal cross sectional view taken on the section lineV--V of Figure 3 with portions omitted for greater clarity.

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view illustrating particularly theconnections with the motor key and the means for securing thestep-by-step return motion of the ratchet wheel.

Figure 'l is a cross sectional view of the multiplier setting mechanismin initial position.

Figure 8 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 7 but with some ofthe parts omitted for greater clarity, illustrating the positions of theparts when the multiplier setting key 2 is depressed with a furthershowing in dot-dash lines showing the positions of some of the partsafter the key "2 has been released and has moved upwardly to theposition shown in Figure 8a.

Figure 8a is a view of a portion of Figure 8 showing the position of key"2 after being depressed and released so as Ito return part Way to itsoriginal position.

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 7 with parts omitted for greaterclarity, illustrating the positions assumed by certain elements when themultiplier setting key 6 is depressed.

Figure 10 is also a view similar to Figure 7 with parts omitted forgreater clarity, illustrating the positions taken by some of the partswhen the multiplier key 0 is depressed.

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 'I with some of the parts-omittedfor greater clarity, illustrating the positions assumed by variouselements when the multiplier setting key 9 is depressed.

Figure 12 is also a view similar to Figure 'l with parts omitted forgreater clarity, illustrating the positions taken by some of theelements when the multiplier setting key 2 is depressed with thecontrols however in a different position from that shown in Figure 8.

Figure 13 is a partial cross sectional View similar to that shown inFigure 10 with parts omitted for greater clarity and other cooperatingparts inserted in order to more clearly show the operation between suchcooperating parts.

Figure 14 is a cross sectional view taken on the section line XIV- XIVof Figure 7 looking in the direction of the arrows and illustrating theparticular controls for the multiplier setting keys U02! ((9),.

Figure 15 is a similar view to Figure 14 showing the parts in adifferent position.

Figure 16 is a cross sectional view taken on the section line XVI--XVIof Figure 7 and looking in the direction of the arrows, illustratingparticularly the control means for the reversing of the calculating ortotalizing gears and the control for the means governing the step bystep movement of the ratchet shifting means.

Figure 17 is a partial perspective View illustrating the construction ofa tubular differential rack bar and cooperating U-shaped compensatingbars determining the step-by-step movements to be given to the ratchetwheel in accordance with the particular multiplier setting keydepressed,

Figure 18 is a cross sectional view taken on The adding and subtractingmachine Arranged on the keyboard 30| of the adding lmachinein well knownmanner are the nine numeral keys 30|', which are designated 1-9. Thezero keys 302, 303 and 304 cooperate in well known manner with thetraveling setting pin carriage 305. R designates the repeat key throughthe setting of which the wel1 known clearing mechanism acting on the pincarriage is disconnected. 306 designates the clearing lever for the pinsetting mechanism. The key 301 having the minus sign (-l sets themachine for subtraction, that is, by pressing such key. the means forreversing the calculating or totalizer gears is actuated to cause thecalculating mechanism to operate subtractively. 308 designates the keyby which the intermediate total is determined and 309 designates thetotal key. The operation controlled :by keys 308 and 309 need not bedescribed since it is full shown in U. S. Patents to J. E. W. Greve,Nos. 1,897,932 granted February 14, 1933, No. 1,953,557 granted April 3,1934.

The setting piece carriage 305 is provided below and above with tworollers 420 supported by upper and lower guide rails 42| attached to themachine frame. The pin carriage is provided with a plurality, in thepresent example ten, vertical rows of setting pins 333, each rowcomprising nine pins, so that the pin carriage of the present exemplaryembodiment carries ninety such pins. The setting pins are set by meansof the keys 30|' or 302, 303 and 304.

Zero key 302 is attached to a key lever 359 journaled on a shaft 360attached to the machine frame. The lever 359 is provided with adownwardly extending arm 36| with which the forward end of a pin-settingrod 362 is engaged. The rear end of rod 362 is slidably guided1ongitudinally in a perpendicular bracket plate 422 attached to themachine frame. This end of rod 362 extends within range of the lowermostsliding setting pins 333, which correspond to the ".value. The keys 303and 304 act in a similar manner on similar rods. The operation of thesekeys is shown in Patent No. 1,707,303 granted to J. E. W. Greve, April2, 1929.

The numeral keys 30|' are attached to the suitably formed nine keylevers 423, which are also journaled on the shaft 360. Each key 1ever423, except that which carries the 9", has a downwardly extending arm424, each connected with the forward end of its individual pin-settingrod 425. The; rods 425 are heldso as to be longitudinally slidable attheir rear free ends in the guide plate bracket 422.

The rod 425 which is connected with the key 30|' designated 1, acts onthe second transverse row of sliding setting pins 333 which correspondto the value "1. The key 30|' designated by 2 cooperates with the rodwhich is coordinated with the third transverse row (from the bottom) ofsliding setting pins 333, and so on. Keys 302 and 30| also cooperatewith an escapement mechanism for the lateral movement of the carriage305, which comprises the following construction.

The lower edges of the key levers 423 and 359 which carry thecorresponding keys 30|' and 302 engage a cross bail 426, as shown inFig. 5 are mounted in the arms 421 attached to the shaft 360, Iwhich isrotatably journaled in the machine frame. One arm 421 is connected by apin 423 to one end of a link 429 which at the other end, is pivoted to acrank 430 attached to a shaft 43| rotatably journaled in a 'bearing 432attached to the machine frame.

An escapement member 433 is also' attached to shaft 43| and carries aholding tooth 433 normally out of engagement with a horizontalescapement rack 3|0 mounted on the pin carriage 305. (See Fig. 5.) Aco-acting escapement member 434 is slidably mounted on the escapementmember i433. For this purpose, the two attaching screws 435 engage theescapement member 433 through slots 436 of escapement member 434. Theupper escapement member 434 is provided with a tooth 431 correspondingto the tooth 433' and normally engaging the escapement rack 3|0. Atraction spring 439 attached at 440 to the escapement member 433, and at438 to the escapement member 434, tends to shift the shiftableescapement member 434 in t-he direction of the arrow in Fig. 5, but isprevented from movement by the engagement of its tooth -431 with therack 3I0 attached to the carriage.

If one of the keys 30|' or 302 is depressed not only is thecorresponding setting pin 333 of the vertical pin row in front of therods 425 moved to the right from the position shown in Fig. 3, but also,at the same time, by means of the elements 426 to 430, the escapement;member 433 is swung, against the traction of a spring 44|, into thedotted line position of Fig. 3 to engage its tooth 433' with rack 3|0,while tooth 431 of escapement member 434 is released therefrom and movesto the dotted line position of Fig. 5 through the traction of spring439.

When the depressed key is released, then, the spring 44| rocks theescapement member 433 downwardly to disengage its tooth 433' from rack3|0 and simultaneously engage the spring urged tooth 431 with the rack3|0. Under the pull of the stronger traction spring 442 engaged with thepin carriage, the carriage is moved in the direction of the arrow inFig. 5 for the distance of one rack tooth and the escapement member 434again assumes the position shown in full lines in Fig. 5. The carriage'has thereby been moved the distance between adjacent rows of pins 333.

Associated with pin carriage 305 are a number of type carrying bars 330,of which, as shown in Figs. 2a and 5, eleven are provided arranged inadjacent relationship. It is to be noted that ten of these bars carrythe types 0"9", while the eleventh has mounted therein the typesrepresenting the symbols or signs. The individual types 33|. arearranged slidably on the bars 330. Provided at the lower end of each'type bar 330 is a projecting shoulder 332 which extends 'within range ofthe setting pins 333 slidably mounted in pin carriage 305.

The type bars 336 are also each provided with bar 335 engages. The bar`335 is carried by a slide 336 which is moved upwardly by a link 331connected thereto and a control lever 336 connected to link 331, whenthe machine is operated. In this manner all the type bars 330 arereleased, so that they can pass upwardly under the pull of the tractionsprings 485 engaged with projections 464 thereon until th'ecorresponding shoulders 332 contact the ploiected setting pins 333 ofthe pin row coordinated therewith.

A rack 443 associated with each type bar 338 is provided with two pins444 engaging in slots 445 of the bars 338. Each rack is provided with anarm 446 to which' a traction spring 441 is engaged. The other end ofspring 441 is attached to the bar 336 with which the rack 443 isassociated. The spring 441 tends to move the rack 443 relative to thebar 338 in th'e direction of the arrow in Fig. 3.

The control of the bars 336 and consequently the actuator racks 443 isdescribed in the above mentioned Patent No. 1,707,303. This control actson the bars 336 so as to retain in lowered position, those bars 338 intowhose path no pin in the carriage 365 has entered.

The calculating mechanism gears and reversing means therefor Coordinatedwith the racks is a calculating mechanism consisting of a suitablenumber of totalizing gear wheels 448. The gears 448 are journaled on ashaft 448, mounted in the two parallel end plates 456 and 45| which arepivoted intermediate their ends to the upper ends of levers 452 at 453,and th'e levers 452 are disposed at both sides of the set of the typecarrying bars 336. The levers 452 are interconnected at the bottom by acrossbar 454 and are mounted oscillatably on a trunnion 455 attached tothe machine frame.

Each gear 448 of the calculating mechanism is engaged with a reversinggear 456 individual thereto. The gears 456, which have the same numberof teeth as the gears 448, are journaled on a shaft spindle 451 parallelwith the shaft spindle 446 and likewise attached to the two frame plates456 and 45|. Engaged with forward end of the plate 450, at 458, is alink 456 connected by a pivot pin 460 to a lever arm 46| fixed to theshaft 352 journaled in the machine frame 3 I6. A double crank 353,provided at both diametrically opposite ends with pins 354 and 355 isxed to shaft 352. By rocking the double crank 353 into the dotted lineposition of Pig. 3. the rocking calculating wheel frame including theend plates 456 and 45| is swung about the pins 453 so that thecalculating mechanism gears 448 unmesh from and the reversing gears 456mesh with the differential racks 443. In this manner a certainpredetermined movement of the racks in one di rection with respect tothe calculating mechanism gears 448 is reversed to the oppositedirection and brings about the opposite method of calculation, that is,the value based on the magnitude of the rack movement is not added, butsubtracted.

The tens transfer for the calculating mechanism 448, 456 is effectedthrough the lever arm 602. The details of the tens transfer aredescribed in Patent No. 1,897,932 granted to J. E. W. Greve, February14, 1933.

The double crank 353 is set in one or the other terminal position by apitman 356 provided with the two shoulders 351 and 358 and is journaledat one end at 462 on the end of arm 463 fast on a counter shaft 328journaled in the machine frame 3|6. Also mounted on the countershaft 326is a bellcrank lever 328 connected by a link 326 to an arm 324 attachedto the main drive shaft 323. Through a means hereinafter described, themain shaft describes an oscillatory movement which is transmittedthrough the link 326 into a similar movement of the arm 463 connected tothe countershaft 326.

A pin 464 attached toA an arm 465, engages under the pitman 356. Arm 465is an extension of the key lever 466, which is journaled on the fulcrum366 and which carries the subtraction key 301 bearing the minus sign. Itis apparent that by pressing on the key 381, the pitman 356 is swungupwardly so that the shoulder 351 comes in front of the pin 354.

If the double crank 353 was previously in the position shown by the fulllines in Fig. 3, then, in the rearward travel of the arm 463, the doublecrank 353 will be swung by the pitman 356 into the dotted line positionin Fig. 3 and the calculating mechanism gears 446 and 456 thus moved tothe subtracting position.

The motor drive and coupling means The keyboard. 36| is also providedwith the motor key 3I| (Fig. 1) carried by the stem 3|2. The lower endof stem 3|2 is pivoted at 3|3 to an arm 3| 4 fixed to shaft 3|5journaled in the machine frame 3|6. Connected to shaft 3 |5 is anotherarm 3|1 to which a connecting rod 3|6 is connected. 'Ihe arm 3|1 isunder the action of a spring 3H to return the motor key 3|| after suchkey has been released. Rod 3|8 (Figs. 2 and 2a) is connected by a pivotpin 461 to the lever 468 which actuatcs the clutch and contact devicesand which is journaled at 466 in the housing 3|6.

Attached to one end of the lever 466, with an interposed insulatingmember 416, is an electrical switch member 41| which cooperates with thetwo spring pressed contacts 412. The springs of the contacts are in thecircuit of an electric motor 413, on the shaft 414 of which is attacheda worm gear 415 which meshes with a worm gear 416 attached to a verticalshaft 416 journaled in bearings 411 and 418 (Fig. la) in the housing3|6.

Attached to the shaft 416 is a ratchet tooth 466 with which the nose 462of a pawl 46| cooperates. Pawl 48| (Fig. 1a) is pivoted at 463 on a camdisc 464 freely rotatable on the Vertical shaft 419. A pressure spring465, supported on a projection 466 on the cam disc 464 acts on the pawl48|. Cooperating with the free end of the pawl 46| is the hook end 461of the lever 466, so that when the lever 466 assumes the position ofFig. 2a the hook end 461 holds the nose 462 of the pawl 46| out ofengagement with the ratchet tooth 460.

Cooperating with the cam disc 464 is a cam roller 488 mounted on one armof a forked lever 466 pivoted on pin 460 provided in the housing 3|6.The other arm of lever 466 is pivotally connected by pin 46| to a link462 which, in turn, is pivotally connected to the rear end of atransmission rod 328. The other end ofrod 320 is pivotally connected bypin 32| to lever arm 322 fixed to main shaft 323.

Thus, if the motor key 3| is depressed, then, by means of the arms 3|4and 3|1, the connecting rod 3 8 is moved to the left as shown in Figs.1, 1a, 2 and 2a and the lever 468 is swung in the direction of the arrowin Fig. `2a whereby, through the switch member 41|, the circuit for theelectric motor 413 is closed and at the same time the hooked end 481 ofthe lever 468 releases the pawl 48|, so that its nose 482 may be engagedby the ratchet tooth 480.

In the ensuing rotation of the vertical shaft 419 by motor 413, the camdisc 484 is carried along and rocks the lever 489 to rst draw, thetransmission rod 320 to the right from the position shown in Figs. l,1a, 2 and 2a thereby rotating the main shaft 323 counter-clockwise. Thespring 493 connected at one end to the frame and at n the other end torod 320 maintains roller 488 in contact with cam disc 484 and returnsthe transmission rod 320 to its initial position. thereby rotating shaft323 clockwise and returning the members connected therewith to normal.

It is to be noted that during the swinging movement of the arm 322 inthe direction of the arrow in Fig. l, the type carrier and rackrestraining and restoring bail 335, 336 is moved upwardly, so that thetype carrier and rack bars 330 are released and can pass upwardly due tothe traction of the springs 495 engaging projections 494 on the typecarriers,A until the projecting feet 332 strike against theircorresponding extended sliding pins 333. The stop for the key designated9, is the abutment plate 600 (Fig. 3). Ii such key is depressed the pincarriage 305 makes an advance without one of the pins 333 being movedout. The corresponding typecarrying bar 330 can then ascend until itsfoot 332 strikes against abutment plate 600. This operation is alsodescribed in Patent No. 1,707,303y

Engaging and disengagng the calculating gears and their racks It is tobe noted primarily that during the upward movement of the type carriersand rack bars 330 the calculating mechanism gears 448 and 456 must notoperate. On the other hand, the calculating gears are to be swung intooperative position, that is, into engagement with their racks 443 priorto the return of the type carrier and rack bars 330 to the initiallposition. For this purpose the control means shown particularly in Fig.4 are provided.

Fixed on one of the arms 452 of a U-shaped bail member 452, 454journaled on a crossrod 455 near the base of the machine, is a pin 491which cooperates with a latch 498. The latch is journaled at 499 to aframe extension arm 500 and is subjected to the action of a tractionspring 50| which always tends to hold latch 498 engaged with the pin491. The free end of latch 498 is provided with a pin 502, with which atoggle pawl 503 cooperates. 'I'he toggle pawl is pivoted at 504 to thefree end of swinging arm 505 attached to counter-shaft 329. In theinitial position of the machine, the arm 505 assumes the positionindicated in Fig. 4 by the full lines, and the finger-like extension 506of the toggle pawl 503 is applied, through the pull of the engagingtraction spring 501, against the pin 502. However the spring 501 is soweak that it can not overcome the action of spring 50|.

Mounted on a prolongation of the bail arm 452. on which pin 491 isprovided, is another pin 508 over which the forked end provided on onearm of a lever 509 engages. The lever 509 is journaled at` 5|0 on themachine frame 3|6. The free end of lever 509 is provided with a stud 5Hen- 'gageable by the toggle pawl 503 carried by the arm 505.

The motor key 3|| (Figs. 1, 1a, 2 and 2a) upon depression, starts themotor 413 which rotates the main drive shaft 323 counter-clockwise whichthrough the link 326, rocks the countershaft 329 and its arm 506counter-clockwise in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 4. In thisswinging movement, the lower shoulder of the toggle pawl 503 strikesagainst the pin 502 to disengage the latch 498 from the pin 491 so thatthe bail arms 452 together with the calculating mechanism gears 448 and45B can swing through the traction of spring 5|2 to the right, as shownin Fig. 4, to disconnect the gears o1' the calculating mechanism fromthe racks 443. After the pawl 503 has escaped past the pin 502, the

latch 498 is again drawn into its operative position, wherein theprolonged end of latch 498 rests on the pin 491. Thus, immediately afterthe beginning of the upward movement of the type carrier bars 330, thecalculating mechanism gears are rocked to their inoperative position.

When the main drive shaft 323 reaches its extreme clockwise limit oftravel, the arm 505 assumes the dotted line position of Fig. 4, in whichposition the finger-like extension 506 of the toggle pawl 503 is appliedagainst the stud 5H of the lever 509 which, because of the rocking ofthe totalizer supporting bail arms 452 when disconnecting thecalculating gears 448, 456 from their type carrier and rack bars 330, isin the dotted line position of Fig. 4 corresponding to the position ofthe bail arms 452. At the beginning of the reverse or return rotation ofthe countershaft 329, and therefore, before the downward movement of thetype carrier and rack bars 330, the upper shoulder of the toggle pawl503 strikes against the stud 5H and the lever 509 is swung back into theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 4.

In this swinging movement of the lever 509, pin 508 moves the bail arms452 and the calculator gears 448, 456 back to the initial position shownin full lines in Fig. 4. As soon as this initial position is reached,the latch 498, due to the action of spring 50|, grips the pin 491 toretain the caliilator gears 448, 456 connected with their racks Thestate control pitman 356 (Fig. 3) is timed to operate during the initialhalf of the rocking stroke imparted to the main drive shaft 323, toadjust the calculator gear frame 450 to determine whether the positivegears 448 or the negative gears `.456 shall be engaged with the racks443 of the type carrying bars 330 on the return of the gears toengagement with said racks.

After such re-engagement of the selected set of calculator gears withtheir racks, the restraining and restoring bar 335 (Fig. 1a) is loweredto return the actuated type bars 330 to their normal home positions,during which return, the calculating gears are diierentially rotated ina positive or negative direction, depending upon which set of gears 448or 456. is engaged with the racks 443.

The printing mechanism The printing mechanism which enters into0peration when arm 505 assumes the dotted line position of Fig. 4operates in the following manner.

It is first to be noted that the plungers 343, shown in Fig. 1, areopposite the ribbon 490. The hammer levers 345, mounted oscillatably onthe common shaft 34B, cooperate with the plungers, which are guidedaxially by, and are slidable in the support 344 being held by thesprings 343' in the position shown in Fig. l. The hammer levers 345 aresubjected to the action of springs (not shown) which tend to swing themin the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. l. The tensioning of thehammer levers 345 is eected by the crossbar 341 forming part of therocking hammer releasing and restoring bail 341, 348 connected with alever arm 349 in the slotted end 350 of which a pin 35| on one arm ofthe bell crank lever 328 engages. The hammer levers 345 are providedwith the well known checks, stops or the like which,l when the machineis actuated, and assuming that it is set for printing, are released, sothat, under the pull of the springs engaged therewith the hammer leverscontact the reinforced ends of the plungers 343 and move these so thatthey strike the type in front of them against the paper 34| with theribbon 496 interposed.

The above well known arrangements, which serve for addition andsubtraction, are coordinated with a multiplier setting mechanism, de-

scribed hereinafter and by means oi' which shortened multiplication ispossible.

The multiplier setting mechanism The parts belonging directly to themultiplier setting mechanism are mounted on the base plate |03, attachedby screws 383 and 354 to the machine frame 3|E of the adding machine.The multiplier setting mechanism has ten multiplier setting keys 91bearing the indicia 09 which are disposed at the right of the keyboardof the adding machine.

Each of the keys 91 is mounted on a stem 98 f Figs. '7 and 1l). Theupper ends of the stems 98 are guided in slots 99 provided in an upperkeyboard plate |00, while the lower ends are guided in correspondingslots of a lower keyboard plate |0I attached by cross members |02 to theupper key board plate |00.

The cross members |02 are fixed to the frame wall |03 by the screws |04.Encircling the lower end of the key-stems 98 are the springs |05 whichurge the cross extensions |08 on the key-stems against the lower face ofthe upper key board plate |00 and thus tend to hold the key-stems in theinitial position.

The main shaft oscillation control Longitudinally slidable between thetwo rows of key-stems 93 is a rectangular tube |01 constituting adifferential bar which is guided in suitable apertures I08 provided inthe cross members |02. Attached to the lower face of the tubulardifferential bar |01 is a bearing eye |09 which extends downwardlythrough a longitudinal slot provided in the lower key board plate |0|.-Journaled in the eye |09 by the pivot pin I I0 is a latch Il with whicha spring 2 engages and which tends to force the latch upwardly. In theinitial position shown in Fig. 'l the nose ||3 of the latch is appliedagainst the end II4 of the longitudinally extending slot I5 provided inthe lower key board plate |0|. A traction spring ||1 engages at one endthe pin ||8 provided on the difierential bar 01 and at the other end isattached to the front cross member |02. This spring urges thedifferential bar |01 to the left, as shown in Fig. '1. In the normalposition shown in Fig. 7 the differential bar is locked by the latchnose The hollow differential bar |01 is provided on both sides withwindow-like openings II8 (see Fig. 17) which connect with recesses Ilsprovided on the upper side of thedifferential bar. When the differentialbar |01 is in the normal position, these recesses ||9 are positionedexactly under the cross extensions |08 of the multiplier keystems 98. Itis to be noted that the recesses ||9 are substantially only as wide asthe thickness of the multiplier key-stems 98. Also, the windowlikeopenings II8 are so arranged with relation to the recesses |I9 that,when the cross extensions |06 of the multiplier key-stems have enteredthe recesses I I8 due to pressure on the keys, and the latch |I I isreleased, the differential bar |01 may advance various extents of travelunder control of the particular multiplier key depressed. and accordingto a system of shortened multiplication. Thus, with respect to the rowof multiplier keys of the lower digit values 0 to "4 inclusive, theopening |I8 coordinated with the 0 key permits movement of thedifferential bar for the distance the opening coordinated with the 1 keyfor the distance 21:, and the opening coordinated with the "4 keypermits a movement of the distance 51:, etc. It is the same with themultiplier keys 59 of higher digit value, which permit the differentialbar to advance graduated extents corresponding to the complementaryvalues of the multiplier keys. The opening I I8 coordinated with the I5key thus permits a movement of the distance 5x and the opening I8coordinated with the 9 key permits a movement of the distance 1.'.

A rack ||9' is attached to the rear end oi' the square tubulardifferential bar |01 and engages gear |20 journaled at |20' on the baseplate |03 and connected to a ratchet wheel |2|. A one tooth shift orrotation of the wheel I 2| will cause a movement of the rack I I9' andconsequently of the differential bar |01 for a distance .'v.

Associated with the lower ends of the two rows of multiplier key-stems98 are the two parallel motion bars |22 and |23 which are supported neartheir opposite ends by the respective pairs of parallel links |25pivoted at |24 to the bottom of the lower keyboard plate I 0|. Angularlinks |21 and |28 (see Figs. l and 9) are pivoted at |26 to therespective rear ends of the parallel motion bars |22 and |23. The link|21 is provided at its lower end 'with a slot |29 in which a pin |3|provided on an operating arm |30 engages. 'I'he operating arm |3015oscillatably journaled on a pin |32 attached to the frame wall |03. Thelower end of the companion link |28 (see Fig. 11) is provided with aslot |33 into which extends a pin |34 attached to an operating arm |35which is likewise Journaled on pin |32.

Extending into the path of movement of the parallel motion bars |22 and|23 (see Fig. 9) is a pin |4| which is attached to a latch-disengag lnglever |42 pivoted at its front end to the frame |03 at |43. A tractionspring |44 (see Figs. 'l and 8) is engaged at I 42' with thelatchdisengaging lever |42, and the spring |44 tends to hold the lever|42 in the position shown in Fig. 1. Journaled on the latch-disengaginglever |42, at |45, is a pawl |46 having a projecting shoulder |41 whichengages a shoulder |48 provided on the locking latch for thedifierential bar |01. A spring |50 engages the pin |48 on the pawl |46to hold the pawl in its effective position as determined by contact ofthe pin |5| on the pawl |46 against the upper edge of thelatch-disabling lever |42.

Cooperating with the ratchet wheel |2| is a motor tripping member |52journaled oscillatably at |53 on the base plate |03.

The motor tripping member |52 has an arm |54 which in one position ofthe member, serves as a locking dog for the ratchet Wheel |2|. The motortripping member is retained in the position shown in Figs. 1 and '7 bythe locking tooth |55 formed on the rear end oi' a locking lever |51pivoted at |58 on the frame wall |03. The locking tooth seats in arecess provided in the locking dog |54 of the motor tripping member |52.

Journaled on the free depending end oi' the forward arm of the lockinglever |51 at |58, is a detent |60 with which is engaged one end of atorsion spring |6|, the opposite end of the spring being supported by apin 381 projecting from one arm of a restoring bell crank 388 (Figs. 1and 13) pivoted at 388 to the side wall |03, and hereinafter more fullyexplained. For the present, the restoring bell crank normally lies atits counter-clockwise limit o! travel shown in Fig. 13. Engaged with thelocking lever |51, as shown, is the traction spring |83, which tends tohold the locking tooth |55 in engagement with the recessed dog |54. Bymeans of the torsion spring |6|^, the detent |60 is given a tendency toswing counter-clockwise about pivot |58 to press a lateral projection onthe upper end of the detent, against the projecting end of the pivot pinfor the diiferential bar latch The motor tripping member |52 issubjected to the action of a traction spring |65 which tends to turn thetripping member clockwise. The spring |65 is connected to an arm |66 ofthe tripping member |52, said arm |66 having a pin |61 connected to athrust bar 68 (Figs. 1 and 8) mounted on the inner face of the framewall 03, the pin |61 passing through a slot |68 of the side wall |03.The thrust bar |68 is provided with a longitudinal slot (Fig. 8) intowhich extends a pin |1| projecting from the inner face of the wall |03(Fig. 8). The left end 310 of the bar 68 extends to a point adjacent toa pin 31| (Fig. l) on a rocker 312 pivoted at 313 to the frame of theadding machine and provided with an extended finger 314 which engagesover a pin 315 provided 0n the stem 3|2 of the motor key 3| The pin 381on the rear arm of the restoring bell crank 388, serving as a supportfor the spring |6|, extends into the plane of movement of the angularlybent end of the detent |60. The forward arm of the restoring bell crank388 has a cam-like end 380 extending into the range ofmovement of anactuating arm 201 journaled at 208 (Fig: 13) on the outer face of thesupporting side wall |03, and operable from the main drive shaft 323 orby the "0 and 9" multiplier keys, as will be explained in their properorder.

The step by step return of ratchet wheel Attached to the main driveshaft 323 is a crank 400 (Figs. 1 and 6) to the free end of which, at40|, there is secured a connecting rod 402 pivoted at the other end onthe pin 403 at the end of driving lever 405 is a pin 401 which extendsthrough a corresponding slot 401' in the supporting plate to a pointadjacent the depending arm |11 provided on a ratchet restoring slide |14arranged parallel with the inner face of the frame wall |03 so that saiddepending arm normally extends transversely of the slot 401' (Fig. 13).The slide 14 is longitudinally slidable on frame wall |03 and for thispurpose is provided with longitudinal slots |15 through which the screws|16 attached to the wall |03 project. Journaled on the restoring slide|14 by pin |18 is a pawl |80, to the tail of which, at |8|, there isattached a traction spring |82 and the other end of the spring isattached, at |83, to the restoring slide |14. The lever-like plate |80is provided with a rectangular bent extension |84 which extends througha guide aperture |85 provided in the frame wall |03 within range oi' theratchet wheel 2| (see Figs. 6 and 13).

Near its rear end, the ratchet-restoring slide |14 is provided with adownwardly extending projection |86 (see Figs. 6 and 13) cooperatingprojecting from a point near the free end of a driving lever 405oscillatably journaled at 406 on the outer face of the side wall |03.Provided with the projection |81 of a sliding plate |88 longitudinallyguided by slots |88 provided therein through which extend pins attachedto the frame wall |03. The vtraction spring 8| engaged with the slidingplate |88 tends to move the plate to the right as shown in Fig. 6.Provided on the sliding plate |88 is a pin |82 which extends into theplane of an abutting surface |83 provided on detent |80.

Pivoted to thrust bar |68 at 2|5 is the dog 2|4, with which the torsionspring 2|6 engages to rock the dog counter-clockwise (Fig. 6) untilarrested by contact of the angular projection 2|1 of the dog 2|4 againstthe upper edge of the bar 68. (Figs. 8 and 8.)

The carriage shift control Coordinated with thrust bar |68 on the innerface of the frame wall |03, is an operating slide 365 provided withlongitudinal slots 361 and 368. Engaging through the slot 361 is theguide pin 366 attached to the frame wall |03. A stud 206 mounted in thefree end of the operating arm 201 which, it will be recalled, is pivotedto the outer face of the frame wall |03, extends through a slot 206(Fig. 8) in said wall and through the slot 388 in the operating slide365 on the inner face of the frame wall, the slots 208' and 368 beingnormally in substantial register. The operating slide is provided with ashoulder-like projection 368 which cooperates with the correspondinglyformed projection 385 of the dog 2 |4.

A release bell crank lever 382 (Fig. 6) is pivoted at its angle at 38|to the inner face of the frame wall |03, the rea-r arm of the bell crankextending upwardly to a point adjacent a pin 386 projecting from the dog2|4 on the thrust bar |68. The forward arm of the release bell crank 382extends into the return path of a stud 388 projecting from an arm 388(see also Fig. 2) fast on the main drive shaft 323.

When the main drive shaft is at rest, the stud 388 of arm 388 contactsthe forward arm of the bell crank 882 to rock it to, and retain it at,its counter-clockwise limit of travel.

Upon a cycling of the machine, the main drive shaft 323 will first rockcounterclockwise with its crank 400 to remove the stud 388 from the endof the forward arm of the release bell crank 382, which frees the bellcrank for clockwise movement under the action of a spring 384 connectedat 383 to the rear arm of the bell crank.

Means for aligning and disalgning the corresponding openings in thedifferential bar and the compensating bars.

Considering the case in which, through shortened multiplication in theimmediately preceding 4decimal position, the next decimal position isgreater by the value 1 than the value of the number, two U-shapedchannel bars 221 and 228 are longitudinally slidably positioned (seeFig. 1'1) in the hollow, tubular differential bar |01. The channel barsor compensating bars 221, 228 lie parallel within the diierential bar,with their open faces apposed, and their webs facing outwardly adjacentthe opposed series of openings i I8 in the side walls of thedifferential bar. The webs of the respective compensating bars 221', 228each have a series of graduated openings 229 formed thereincorresponding with, and under certain conditions, adapted to registerwith the respective series of graduated openings ||8 of the differentialbar. Attached to each compensating bar is a pin 230 (Fig. 7) whichextends through a slot 23| provided in each side wall of thedifferential bar |01. pin is a traction spring 232, fastened at theother end, at 233, to the diilerential bar |01. The springs 232 thustend to move the U-shaped compensating bars 221 and 228 relative to thedifferential bar |01, in such direction that the pins 230 are appliedagainst the right or rear ends of the slots 23|. In this position of thecompensating bars 221 and 228 relative to the differential bar |01, theoperative rear edges of the openings 8 are in operative relation to therear edges of the openings 229 of the compensating bars 221 and 228.These compensating bars, however, as explained hereinafter, can, also,alternatively assume another position in which the corresponding rearedges of the window-like openings 229 project forwardly of the rearedges of the window-like openings ||8, for a certain distance. Thisdistance corresponds to the afore-mentioned distance ar, which at thesame time represents a one step movement of the ratchet wheel |2l.

This alternative position of the compensating bar 221 or 228 relativelyto the differential bar |01 is maintained during cycling of the machineby the catches 234, 231, one for each of the compensating bars, whichcatches are pivotally mounted at 235 to their respective compensatingbars to travel therewith. The teeth 238 of the respective catches 234,231 enter notches 239 formed on the upper edges of the reduced sidewalls of the differential bar |01 at its rear end.

In the normal positions of the parts with the machine at rest 'and setfor additive or positive multiplication, as shown in Fig. 7, the tooth238 f the catch 234 is seated in its notch 239 of the differential barto cause the differential bar, when advanced by its superior spring II1,to draw with it the compensating bar 221.

The catch 231 of the compensating bar 228, under the above conditions isnormally disengaged from its notch 238 in the diierential bar, so thatthe differential bar will have a one step advance or lead before therear end of the slot 23| in the diierential bar picks up the pin 230 ofthe left Engaged with eachv hand compensating bar 228 associated withthe row of multiplier keys of higher value.

Upon the return of the diilerential bar |01 to its normal home position.and as it starts on its last step of return travel, the rear end of thatcompensating bar which is not connected with the dlil'erential bar,contacts and is arrested by an abutment 288' (Figs. 12 and 19) carriedby an overhanging bracket 288 fastened at 302 to the rear frame plate,and as the diierential bar reaches its home position, the rear end ofthat compensating 4bar which is connected with the differential barcontacts the abutment and is slightly displaced suillciently to relievethe frictional engagement of the catch with its notch 239.

After the return of the din'erential bar is complete, either catch 234,231 may be selected for 0P- eration depending upon the value of themultiplier digit key to be set. Y

Torsion springs 235' (see Fig. 19) urge the projections 238 of thecatches 234 and 231 into the corresponding notches 239 of thedifferential bar |01 provided their own weight is not suillcient to doso.

Setting control The rear ends of the catches 234 and 231 are reduced toform tails extensions 240 which extend obliquely rearwardly into therange of the laterally projecting abutment ilngers 24| and 242. Thefinger 24| is attached to the angular extension of a catch-controllingbar 243, while the linger 242 is attached to the angular extension of acatchcontrolling bar 244 (see Fig. 9) arranged in parallel spacedrelation with its companion catchcontrolling bar 243.

The catch-controlling bars 243 and 244 are vertically slidable on theinner face of the rear frame plate 245 attached at right angles to theplate |03. Headed fastenings 246 attached to catchcontrolling bars 243and 244 (Fig. 16) pass through slots 241 provided in the rear frameplate 245. Journaled between the two catch-controlling bars 243 and 244,on the outer face of the rear frame plate at 248, is a rocking crossbeam 248 carrying at its opposite ends the pins 250 which engage thecatch-controlling bars 243 and 244. The pins 250 project through theelongated slots 25| provided in the rear frame plate 245. By means ofthis rocking cross beam 248 the two catch-controlling bars 243 and 244are positively interconnected so that when the one is moved downwardlythe other is moved upwardly correspondingly. 'I'he rocking cross beam248 is held at both end positions. For this purpose, the pointed end 252of the rocking cross beam 248 cooperates with the gable-shaped extension253 provided on a keeper 254 pivoted at 255 to the rear frame plate 245,and

' acted upon by a spring 256.

Each catch-controlling bar 243 and 244 is provided With a recess 251.Extending into the recess 251 of the catch-controlling -bar 243 is onearm 258 of a bellcrank lever having another arm 259. The bellcrank lever258, 259 is mounted to rock on a cross rod |32. and is connected withthe lever arm |30 (Fig. 11). Engaging in the recess 251 of thecatch-controlling bar 244 is an arm 260 of a similarly supportedbellcrank lever having another arm 28| and the bellcrank lever isconnected to the lever |35.

As the lower ends of the key stems 98 extend into the range of therespective parallel motion bars |22 and |23, on pressing a key 91 thelower end of the corresponding key stem contacts with the parallelmotion bar |22 or |23 and carries it into the position shown in Fis. 10or Fis. 11. 'I'his causes the latch-releasing lever |42 and its couplinghook |48 to be swung downwardly to release the latch I|| restraining thedifferential bar |81 whereupon the spring ill advances the differentialbar into a position determined by the particular cross extension |88 onthe depressed key stem.

Means to automatically shift the multiplicand denominationailyrelatively to the multiplier Since, in certain cases, on pressing themultiplier keys "0 or "9" (such as on'- pressing the 0 key, whenshortened multiplication was not used in computing the precedingdenominational position, and on -pressing the "9 key when shortenedmultiplication was used relative to the preceding denominationalposition) an advance is to be made of one denominational position, thefollowing arrangement is provided.

The parallel motion bars |22 and |28 (see also Fiss. and 18) areprovided, in the range of the key stems carrying the 0 and 9 keys, withoffset portions 282, so that the key stems can pass by the parallelmotion bars |22 and |28 freely. Disposed in the range of these two keystems for the keys "0" and "9 are the companion tongues 288 and 284 (seealso Fig. 14).

These two tongues are respectively pivoted at 288 in spaced relation ona rocking plate 288 which is, in turn, pivoted at 281 on a verticallysliding plate 288. 'I'he two lateral extreme positions of the rockingplate 288 are determined by a pin 288 mounted on the vertically slidingplate 288 and this pin 288 extends into a rectangular recess 218 of therocking plate 288.

The sliding plate 288 is vertically slidable on a base plate 212attached by screws 21| to the lower key board plate |8| (see also Figs.'7, 13). For this purpose, the screws 218, which are attached to thevertically sliding plate 288 extend through corresponding slots 214provided in stationary, depending base plate 212. Extending also alsothrough the lower guide slot 214 is the pin 215 attached to thevertically shiftable slide 288, with which pin 218 there is'engaged atraction spring 218 which is attached at the other end to the pin 211provided on the stationary base plate 212.

Connecting the free lower ends of the tongues 288 and 284 is the commontraction spring 801 which tends to apply the pins 288 attached to SaidtOIlgues against the lower edge of the rocking plate 288 (see Fig. 15).The upper ends of tongues 288 and 284 are provided with shoulders 28|which extend alternately within the range of the key stems coordinatedtherewith. In the position shown in Fig. 14, which corresponds to theinitial position according to Figs. 1 and 7, the shoulder 28| ot thetongue 288 is in the range of the key stem 88 carrying the "0 key.

The substantially triangular rocking plate 288 is provided on` itsopposite side edges, in the manner shown in Figs. 14 and 15, withprojecting inclined surfaces 888. When the rocking plate 288 is in theposition shown in Fig. 14 andthe parallel motion bar |22 is moveddownwardly by depression of multiplier keyl such bar moves freely overthe corresponding inclined edge 888. On the other hand. i1' thecompanion parallel motion bar |28 is moved downwardly by depression oi'a multiplier key, it engages with the opposltely projecting inclinedsurface 888 and rocks the plate 288 into the position shown in Fig. 15.It is to be noted, in this regard, that the rocking plate 288 isfrictionally mounted on the vertically sliding plate 288 in such mannerthat the rocking plate 288 remains in the position to which it isshifted by the parallel motion bar |28.-

When the rocking plate 28,8 is in the position shown in Fig. 15 and upona succeeding depression of a multiplier key, the parallel motion bar |28is moved downwardly, such bar moves freely over the juxtaposed surface888. On the other hand if, in this position of the rocking plate 288,the parallel motion bar |22 is moved downwardly, the rocking plate 288is swung back into the position shown in Fig. 14. It is clear from this,that the position, at any time, of rocking plate 288 depends upon whichof the twoparaliel motion bars |22 or |28 was last moved downwardly. Theparticular position of rocking plate 288 determines whether the shoulder28| oi.' tongue 288 is moved within range of the stem carrying the l0key or whether the shoulder 28| of tongue 284 lies within range of the"9" key stem.

Therefore, if the parallel motion bar |22 was last depressed, themembers 288, 288, 284 will assume the positions shown in Fig. 14, and ifthe parallel motion bar |28 was last depressed, they will assume thepositions shown in Fig. 15. When the said parts are in the positionsshown in Fig. 14. then, if the "9" multiplier key is depressed, thevertically sliding plate 288 is not moved. On the other hand, if thesaid parts (288. 288, 284) were in the positions shown in Fig. l5, thevertically sliding plate 288 would be moved and when the "0 key ispressed, the vertically sliding plate 288 is not moved downwardly.

As shown in Figs. '1 and 14, the lower edge of the vertically slidingplate 288 overlies the free end 218 of a forwardly extending arm 218connected to the actuating arm 281 pivoted at 288.

A link 818, whose rear end is pivoted to the outer end of the throughpin 288 of the actuating arm 281, extends forwardly and is pivoted at811 to the upper end of a tensioning arm 818 journaled on lthe outer endof a trip shaft 888 extending leftwardly into the adding machine casingbeneath the key board thereof.

A spring link 882, one end of which is connected at 888 to thetensioning arm 818, is fastened at its opposite end to an arm 88| faston the trip shaft 888 and normally retains a shoulder 884 of the arm 88|against the spring anchor pin 888. A trip arm 888 fast on the left handor inner end of the trip shaft, extends upwardly to a point adjacent thearm 88| depending from the "0 adding machine key lever 888 of the "0 key882.

It will be recalled that the "0 adding machine key 882 is eil'ective notonly to set a zero stop pin 888, but also to trip the pin carriageescapement (Figs. 3 and 5) by actuation of the escapement tripping bail428, 421. Hence, counter-clockwise movement oi' the actuating arm 201either automaticaliy upon restoration of the thrust bar |88 and its dog2|4 (Fig. 6) while the latter is engaged with the actuating slide 888,having the slot 288 accommodating the through pin 288, or manually, bypressure on the multiplier key "0 or 9 will eilect a one-step advancedenominationally of the pin carriage 888.

Thus the stems of the multiplier keys "0 or "9" if depressed under theabove-explained conditions will contact their individual tongue 283 or284 to depress the rocking plate 288 and with it the vertically-slidableplate 288 to rock the arm 218 and, through the foregoing connections,shift the tensioning arm 818 to tension the spring link 382 and rock thearm 88| fast on the trip shaft

